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How the Myth of Average Persists in Health Benefits
People are different and their health needs vary. Though differences among patients are common, these differences aren’t always considered in treatment and coverage decisions.
The Myth of Average: Why Individual Patient Differences Matter
NPC's "The Myth of Average" explores how patients, health care providers, insurers, and other decision-makers can better consider individual patient differences when navigating the complexities of…
A Path of Her Own: Salama Freed, 2020-22 NPC/Duke-Margolis Health Policy Fellow
Salama Freed, PhD, has always wanted to learn about the inner-world of health policy – who shapes it, what drives it and how it gets done. She believes that her path to this experience is through the…
Do Patient Preferences Align with Value Frameworks? A Discrete-Choice Experiment of Patients with Breast Cancer
The study assessed patient preferences for aspects of breast-cancer treatments to evaluate the usual assumptions in scoring rubrics for value frameworks.
Bringing Patient-Centeredness to Quality Measurement in Health Care
Quality measures can help payers to reward better care, providers to take action to improve care, and patients to make informed decisions about where to seek care. Often, quality measures are focused…
Social Determinants of Health May Be Key to Value-based Care
There is growing recognition that improving access to care and patient health, including access to medications, requires focus on social, economic and environmental factors. At its upcoming…
Evaluation of Person-level Heterogeneity of Treatment Effects in Published Multiperson N-of-1 Studies: Systematic Review and Reanalysis
To understand when and how individual treatment effects are examined, conducted and reported, this study evaluated existing multiperson N-of-1 studies, which can identify whether an intervention is…
Including the Patient’s Perspective in Valuing Treatments for Arthritis
NPC President Dan Leonard sat down for a Q&A session with Sandie Preiss, Vice President for Advocacy and Access at the Arthritis Foundation, to discuss how the value of treatments for arthritis…
Translating Comparative Effectiveness Research into Medicaid Payment Policy: Views from Medical and Pharmacy Directors
NPC supported a survey of Medicaid medical and pharmacy directors to better understand how policy makers in the state Medicaid programs view comparative effectiveness research (CER) and how they use…
Exploration of Heterogeneity in Distributed Research Network Drug Safety Analyses
Distributed data network drug safety analyses are difficult to interpret in the face of heterogeneity, or individual treatment effects.
Consumer-Directed Health Plans: Pharmacy Benefits & "Better Practices"
The research was intended to identify the current landscape and best practice approaches for consumer-directed health plans and pharmacy benefits, as well as understand the health and economic impact…
Supporting Consumer Access to Specialty Medications Through Value-Based Insurance Design
Value-based insurance design (V-BID) is a key tactic payers and purchasers can use to promote access to high-value specialty medications.
The Good, the Bad, and the Different: A Primer on Aspects of Heterogeneity of Treatment Effects
The concept of heterogeneity is explained and further explored via four articles published in the June 2014 issue of the Journal of Managed Care & Specialty Pharmacy: The Good, the Bad, and the…
The Emerging Relevance of Heterogeneity of Treatment Effect in Clinical Care: A Study Using Stage IV Prostate Cancer as a Model
Although researchers and health care providers widely recognize that individuals with stage IV prostate cancer react differently to treatments, the factors that impact treatment outcomes, including…
